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Experiment No. N

Analysis of Copper(II) Iodide (Cu(I)₂)

Aim

To determine the presence of anion and cation in the given salt

Preliminary Test

  • Odor: Odorless
  • Texture: Crystalline
  • Color: White
  • Solubility: Soluble in water

Test of Anion

ExperimentObservationInference
Take 0.1 g of salt in a test tube and add conc. H₂SO₄Deep violet vapour with a pungent odour is evolvedI⁻ may be present
Confirmatory Tests
Layer Test
Take test solution or extract, add CHCl₃/CCl₄ and chlorine water dropwise, then shake vigorously		Violet colouration appears in the organic layerI⁻ is confirmed
Silver Nitrate Test
Acidify sodium carbonate extract with dilute HNO₃ and add AgNO₃		Yellow precipitate is obtained, insoluble in excess NH₄OHI⁻ is confirmed

Test of Cation

ExperimentObservationInference
Original solution + H₂S gas in presence of dil. HClBlack precipitate of Group-II A is formedGroup-II cation may be present
Confirmatory Test
Potassium Ferrocyanide Test
Dissolve the black precipitate in dilute nitric acid, boil the filtrate and then add potassium ferrocyanide		Chocolate brown precipitatePresence of Cu²⁺ is confirmed

Result

The given salt contains Cu²⁺ ions as cation and I⁻ ions as anion. The salt is Cu(I)₂.

Precautions

  1. Handle the chemicals with care.
  2. Don't use excess of chemicals.
  3. Keep the mouth of the test tube away from the face.